Brazilian Journal of Science

(250 Artigos indexados)

Influência do extrato foliar de chandala (Aloe vera L.) na germinação das sementes de soja (Glycine max L.) - (2023)

Fernando Francisco de Sousa Neto, Afonso Pinto Fançony, Leonilda Ivanilsa Mendes Zacarias Kimuanga

Volume: 3 - Issue: 1

Resumo. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi de avaliar a influência da Chandala (Aloe vera L.) na germinação das sementes de soja (Glycine max L.). O mesmo decorreu no período compreendido entre Janeiro a Setembro de 2022, no laboratório de Biologia do Instituto Superior Politécnico do Cuanza Sul, Angola. As folhas de Aloe vera foram coletadas, lavadas em água destilada, secas e sua massa determinada. O extrato hidroetanólico 50% foi produzido. O experimento foi realizado em diferentes doses de extrato, constituindo os tratamentos. O experimento de germinação, foi realizado em placas de Petri, em um delineamento em Blocos Inteiramente Casualizados, com quatro tratamentos e 15 repetições (15 placas de Petri). Os tratamentos foram: Testemunha (T0); 50% (T1); 75% (T2) e 100% (T3). Avaliou-se a percentagem de germinação (%G) e o índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG). Avaliações foram realizadas entre o quarto ao décimo quinto dia, com intervalo de dois dias. Os dados foram analisados através do programa SAS (Statistical Analysis Systems). A concentração de 100%, provocou efeito negativo e de 75% foi a mais eficiente sobre os índices avaliados. Conclui-se que, doses superiores de extratos de Aloe vera provocam destruição das reservas energéticas das sementes e consecutivamente morte sobre as plântulas.

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Interaction of benzenesulfonamide derivatives with Smyd3 using a theoretical model - (2023)

Maria Lopez-Ramos, Lauro Figueroa-Valverde, Marcela Rosas-Nexicapa, Catalina Cervantes-Ortega, Magdalena Alvarez-Ramirez, Francisco Diaz-Cedillo, Maria Virginia Mateu-Armand, Tomas Lopez-Gutierrez

Volume: 3 - Issue: 1

Resumo. Cancer is a serious public health problem worldwide. This clinical pathology is associated with the activation/release of several biomolecules, including the Smyd proteins family. In this way, some studies indicate that Smyd3 is associated with cancer cells growth. It is important to mention that some drugs act as Smyd3 inhibitors in the treat some cancers. However, their interaction is very confusing; for this reason, the aim of this research was to evaluate the theoretical interaction of benzenesulfonamide and their derivatives (compounds 2 to 28) using 7o2c protein, novobiocin, BAY-6035, EPZ031686 and BCI-121 drugs as theoretical tools in DockingServer program. The results showed differences in the aminoacid residues involved in the interaction of benzenesulfonamide and their derivatives with 7o2c protein surface compared with novobiocin, BAY-6035, EPZ031686 and BCI-121 drugs. In additions, the inhibition constant (Ki) for benzenesulfonamide derivatives 2, 7, 8, 13, 14, 17, 20, 21, 24 and 28 was very lower compared to benzenesulfonamide, novobiocin, BAY-6035, EPZ031686 and BCI-121. In conclusion, the benzenesulfonamide derivatives 2, 7, 8, 13, 14, 17, 20, 21, 24 and 28 could be a good alternative as Smyd3 inhibitors to decrease cancer cells growth.

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Investigating the enhanced photocatalytic degradation of bromophenol blue using Ni/Zn co-doped Strontium Oxide nanoparticles synthesized via hydrothermal method - (2023)

Shahid Zaman, Muhammad Kashif, Muffarih Shah, Abdul Hameed, Noor Majeed, Muhammad Ismail, Ilyas Khan, Saif Ullah, Naqash Khan

Volume: 3 - Issue: 1

Resumo. Excessive exposure of human to organic contaminants from industrial effluents calls for the implementation of effective pollutants removal techniques. This article investigates the photocatalytic degradation of bromophenol blue dye using Strontium oxide nanoparticles co-doped with Nickel and Zinc. Hydrothermal synthesis produced the nanoparticles, which were subsequently characterized using various analytical techniques. UV/Visible revealed absorption peaks at 294 nm, 306 nm, 311 nm, and 318 nm, while FTIR spectroscopy identified stretching peaks at 416 cm-1, 588 cm-1, and 856 cm-1 for Ni-O and Sr-O bonds. The nanoparticles displayed diameters ranging from 30.50 nm to 36.97 nm. EDX analysis confirmed the elemental composition, with Sr and O comprising of approximately 82.02 %, and Ni and Zn approximately 3.21%. Photocatalytic degradation experiments demonstrated that SrO nanoparticles 85.42% degradation efficiency, while co-doped SrO nanoparticles achieved an impressive 97.97% degradation efficiency. This work highlights the potential co-doped SrO nanoparticles as a promising solution for the efficient removal of organic pollutants from the industrial wastewater, addressing environment contamination concerns.

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LLLT applications may enhance ASD aspects related to disturbances in the gut microbiome, mitochondrial activity, and neural network function - (2023)

Victoria Bamicha, Yolanda Salapata

Volume: 3 - Issue: 1

Resumo. Autism Spectrum Disorder constitutes a complex, elaborate, and diverse condition at a developmental, biological, and neurophysiological level. It is recognized primarily by the behavioral manifestations of the individual in communication, social interaction, and by extension in his cognitive development and adaptation to society as a whole. A wide range of studies have linked the pathophysiology of autism to dysfunctional elements in the development and function of mitochondria, cells, neurons, and the gastrointestinal microbiome. Low Light Laser Therapy (LLLT) is an innovative, emerging, non-invasive treatment method. It utilizes low levels of red light/near-infrared light positively affecting biological and pathological processes of the body by enhancing cellular, mitochondrial stimulation, neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, and immune system development, regulating the gut microbiome's function. The retrospective literature review focuses on the possibility of effective use of the method in autism. According to the literature, LLLT does not have many applications in patients with ASD and is still in the early stages of its use in the disorder. However, the results of the studies highlight its therapeutic effect in several areas related to the disease, pointing out that it is a promising therapeutic approach for the evolution of autism in the future.

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Monoazo reactive dyes: Synthesis and application on cotton, silk and wool fibers - (2023)

Manoj J. Patel, Srujal A. Sonera, Sagar K. Bairwa, Ramnik C. Tandel

Volume: 3 - Issue: 1

Resumo. Mono azo reactive dyes are mostly used in textiles industries. The current study was developed to synthesize and apply mono azo reactive dyes. The primary goal of this research article is to highlight synthesized dyes with outstanding fixing properties for the dyeing and printing sectors to invent in future. Diazotized o-anisidine was coupled with several 4-amino-4ʼ-hydroxy benzilidene acetophenone cyanurated coupling component including H-acid, Gamma acid, J-acid, N-methyl J-acid, N-phenyl J-acid, K- acid and peri acid, to create a variety of monoazo reactive dyes. IR and elemental analyses were used to describe them. Moreover, the dyeing capabilities of each of these dyes on silk, wool, and cotton have been evaluated. The wet fastness properties also evaluated. Synthesized mono azo reactive dyes have excellent fixation values as well as fastness properties.

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New records of the azure gallinule Porphyrio flavirostris (Gmelin, 1789) (Gruiformes: Rallidae) for the state of Paraná - (2023)

Patrick Luiz Bola Gonsales, Bruno Czerechowicz Hang

Volume: 3 - Issue: 1

Resumo. Although it has a wide distribution in the country, the Azure Gallinule (Porphyrio flavirostris) has become rare in the southern region, due to the drainage of wetlands, implementation of hydroelectric reservoirs and the reduction of surrounding forests. Through the inventory carried out in the municipality of Capanema, field trips in Francisco Alves and Foz do Iguaçu in humid areas with a predominance of seasonal semideciduous forest, individuals of P. flavirostris were registered in October 2019, December 2020 and January 2021 on the floating vegetation. This work communicates new records of the species in the state of Paraná and makes a brief contribution about its conservation status.

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O uso de drones na agricultura 4.0 - (2023)

José Carlos de Alarcão Júnior, Daniel Noe Coaguila Nuñez

Volume: 3 - Issue: 1

Resumo. A agricultura de precisão está ganhando cada vez mais espaço na produção rural, e os drones têm sido uma tecnologia amplamente utilizada nesse contexto. Estudos destacam que o uso de drones na agricultura traz diversos benefícios, como a melhoria na eficiência sobre o uso de insumos, redução de custos, aumento da produtividade e lucratividade. Os drones são capazes de coletar dados em tempo real e fornecer informações precisas sobre a saúde das plantas, permitindo aos produtores tomarem decisões com base em dados concretos. Além disso, os drones são capazes de cobrir grandes áreas de terreno com alta resolução de forma rápida e eficiente, permitindo que os produtores possam monitorar suas lavouras em tempo real e identificar áreas problemáticas que precisam de atenção imediata. No Brasil, a legislação atual exige autorização para o uso de drones em áreas rurais, mas iniciativas estão em andamento para aprimorar a regulamentação e tornar mais fácil o uso de drones na agricultura. A pulverização com drones é uma técnica promissora, mas requer cuidados específicos em relação ao preparo da calda, escolha dos equipamentos e definição dos planos de voo.

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Passive bioacoustic monitoring as a method to investigate noise pollution in urban parks - (2023)

Luan de Jesus Matos de Brito, Paula Vitória Silva

Volume: 3 - Issue: 1

Resumo. The acoustic landscape of a place is formed by biophony, anthropophony and geophony. Biophony comprises the sounds produced by living beings, mainly animals during their communications; geophony consists of the sounds of the geophysical environment, like a river, the rain and waterfalls. In this case study, we evaluated the effectiveness of passive bioacoustic monitoring in detecting anthropogenic pollution in an urban park in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. We used the Song Meter recorder model SM2+ from the Wildlife Acoustics, the recorders were configured to receive sounds of up to 20 Hz. Each recorder was fixed in trees 1.5 m above the ground and 2 microphones were used in each of them. The collected data were submitted to the Generalized Linear Model Test (GLMM), which resulted in a strong influence of anthropic noises on the birds' vocalization. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of the method and point to the need for the development of public policies to mitigate the effects of noise pollution in urban parks.

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Ponderations on intestinal stoms: Interfaces and repercussions - (2023)

Cristal dos Santos Grassel, Lorena Costa Klein, Wanderson Alves Ribeiro, Gabriel Nivaldo Brito Constantino, Daiane Lopes dos Santos, Miriam Maria Ferreira Guedes, Ana Fagundes Carneiro, Tarsila Reis Pinto Pires, Milena Rangel Siqueira, Pietro Henrique Benevides Pedrosa, Ane Raquel de Oliveira, Viviane Cortes Cruz de Souza, Érica Motta Moreira de Souza

Volume: 3 - Issue: 1

Resumo. An intestinal stoma is a surgical procedure in which the surgeon externalizes part of the small or large intestine. These stomies have the objective of eliminating the fecal content. An intestinal stoma is a surgical procedure in which the surgeon externalizes part of the small or large intestine. These stomies have the objective of eliminating the fecal content. It is worth mentioning that the making of the stoma is also a phenomenon that generates multiple psychosocial effects that directly influence the life condition of the patient in the postoperative period. The present study aims to ponder on intestinal stomas reflecting the interfaces and repercussions. This is a descriptive, qualitative study of the reflective analysis type, elaborated from a review of the literature about the "interfaces and repercussions of intestinal stomas". For this, a narrative review was carried out. Narrative review studies are publications with the purpose of describing and discussing the state of the art of a certain subject. With the objective of organizing and understanding the data that was collected from the present study, three categories with the following arguments were elaborated: Historical facts about intestinal stomas; Concepts and definitions facing Colostomy and Ileostomy; Interfaces of temporary/provisory and definitive intestinal stomas. In this sense, the study aims to ponder on intestinal stomies reflecting the interfaces and repercussions.

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Possible directions of increasing the efficiency of the health system through software development - (2023)

Laxmi Rathour, Dragan Obradovic, Lakshmi Narayan Mishra, Vishnu Narayan Mishra

Volume: 3 - Issue: 1

Resumo. In the modern world, software is practically inevitable and present everywhere. Today, software represents the key to the success of most computer systems and at the same time the differentiation factor of the organizations that own it. Software has become an essential component in healthcare decision-making and the basis of scientific research and healthcare problem solving. The development of microprocessors enabled the widespread infiltration of computers into biomedical instruments for measuring, monitoring and displaying a number of parameters in physiology, clinic, radiology, nuclear medicine, laboratories and others. Digital communication techniques have enabled the networking of computers and the exchange of large amounts of information needed by expert systems to improve the quality of decision-making.

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Primeiro registro de Picaparra, Heliornis fulica (Boddaert, 1783) (Gruiformes, Heliornithidae), no Parque Natural Municipal de Capanema, Paraná, Brazil - (2023)

Patrick Luiz Bola Gonsales

Volume: 3 - Issue: 1

Resumo. A família Heliornithidae é composta por uma única espécie, a Picaparra (Heliornis fulica), encontrado principalmente na região neotropical. Apesar de ter uma distribuição ampla, acredita-se que a espécie tenha baixas densidades populacionais. Ela prefere habitats como córregos, rios tranquilos e lagoas de água doce com vegetação ribeirinha proeminente. Sua dieta é composta por insetos aquáticos, larvas, besouros, formigas, aranhas, crustáceos, anfíbios e pequenos peixes. A Picaparra é difícil de ser observado devido ao seu padrão de cor discreto e comportamento secreto. O Parque Natural Municipal de Capanema, no Paraná, foi criado com o objetivo de preservar ecossistemas naturais e permitir pesquisas científicas. A Picaparra foi recentemente avistado nessa área, preenchendo uma lacuna na distribuição geográfica da espécie. A proteção de habitats naturais é crucial para a sobrevivência da Picaparra e outras espécies limícolas.

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Uso de inteligência artificial na detecção de plantas daninhas - (2023)

Alcidino Rosa Ferreira Neto, Murilo Cruvinel Rosa, Daniel Noe Coaguila Nuñez

Volume: 3 - Issue: 1

Resumo. Atualmente as técnicas utilizadas têm surtido resultados positivos para o sensoriamento remoto devido ao baixo custo, pois tem provido soluções de mapeamento com alta resolução espacial e temporal, tendo seu grande potencial em áreas como agricultura de precisão, monitoramento ambiental, na construção civil, mineração dentre outras. Apesar dos baixos custos em relação a um aerolevantamento realizado por uma aeronave tripulada ou aquisição de uma imagem orbital com resolução espacial semelhante, o processamento de dados obtidos por Sistema de Aeronave Pilotada Remotamente (SAPR) costumam ser executados em programas comerciais. O presente trabalho, utilizou dados de um mapeamento com drone multirotor da marca DJI modelo Phantom 4 Standard foi realizado numa propriedade comercial do município de Rio Verde, distrito de Ouroana no dia 05 de Outubro de 2022 antes da semeadura da safra de soja. A propriedade está localizada nas coordenadas geográficas (-18.147623°S e -50.663644°W) e elevação de 674 m. Foi utilizado o aplicativo DroneDeploy com altura de voo de 120 m e sopreposição frontal e lateral de 80 e 75%, respectivamente. O mapeamento foi realizado em um dia parcialmente nublado, sendo estas, as melhores condições meteorológicas da época. O classificador RandomForest demonstrou-se eficiente para classificar a vegetação indesejada dentro da lavoura, porém isso foi possível a partir de uma base consistente de dados amostrais de treinamento. O uso de tecnologias com veículo aéreo não tripulado (VANT), fotogrametria, geoprocessamento e inteligência artificial de forma adequada para gerenciar a propriedade rural traz melhorias no uso de insumos agrícolas.

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Aspectos qualitativos da carne bovina - (2023)

Solange Silva de Amorim, Thiara Jacira Vicuña Mendes Oliveira de Paula Machado, Aureliano José Vieira Pires, Amanda Santos Ribeiro, Priscila Coelho Silva Galvão

Volume: 2 - Issue: 9

Resumo. O agronegócio brasileiro, mesmo com a crise que afetou o mundo todo em função à pandêmica provocada pelo Covid-19, permaneceu em ascensão, em especial a pecuária de corte, pois manteve números crescentes na produção, exportação e renda no setor. A qualidade da carne vem se destacando e aprimorando o setor, pois é um fator que tem preocupado o consumidor, que procura um alimento seguro e com os requerimentos nutricionais adequados. Fatores como genética, alimentação, manejo e cuidados com a carcaça após o abate refletem diretamente na valorização e qualidade. É indispensável assegurar o bem estar durante a vida do animal para alcançar uma carcaça saudável e com procedência confiável. Os atributos sensoriais e visuais como a cor, suculência, sabor, maciez, textura, marmoreio e pH qualificam a carne. A cor é característica de maior influência no momento da compra e varia de acordo com a idade do animal e tipo de alimentação. A gordura atua como isolante térmico, interferindo e intensificando o sabor e a maciez da carne. Quanto mais elevado o grau de marmoreio maior a suculência, palatabilidade e maciez na carcaça. Além disso, têm-se fatores como manejo, escolha das raças e abate influenciam o rendimento e qualidade da carcaça bovina. Portanto, esta revisão de literatura visa identificar os aspectos gerais que interferem na qualidade de carne bovina, associados na escolha do consumidor, bem como os fatores extrínsecos e intrínsecos.

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Clinical safety of bovine intra-ovarian application of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells - (2023)

Maurício Antônio Silva Peixer, Patricia Furtado Malard, Hilana dos Santos Sena Brunel, Joao Henrique Moreira Viana, Thuany Alencar-Silva, Juliana Lott de Carvalho, Robert Pogue

Volume: 2 - Issue: 9

Resumo. A basic premise of reproductive physiology is that females have a finite and non-renewable stock of germinative cells, which results in a decrease in reproductive capacity over time. For female bovines, a further factor associated with this decrease is follicular puncture (ovum pickup - OPU), a technique widely used for production of embryos in vitro. As such, it is necessary to seek therapeutic or preventive options for fertility problems, and one potential option is treatment with mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), which exercise a paracrine effect in combating inflammatory and degenerative processes. However, as important as evaluating the efficacy of such treatments is an evaluation of safety. In this context, the current study was carried out with the application of 2.5 x 106 allogenic MSC derived from adipose tissue, to the ovarian cortex of healthy nelore (n = 5) and girolando (n = 5) cows. The animals were subsequently evaluated by ultrasonography, clinical examination, number of viable oocytes collected, and rate of embryo production. None of the animals presented any clinical alteration or any alteration on ultrasonography after receiving the MSC. Furthermore, comparison between the number of viable oocytes, embryos produced, and rate of embryo production before and after MSC application did not show a difference. Based on these data, it can be concluded that intraovarian application of 2.5 x 106 adipose-derived MSC is safe, and this technique represents a potential for study as a therapy in cases of ovarian degeneration or lesions.

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Determinação do grau de sulfonação do SPEEK por titulação - (2023)

Marcela Carrera de Castro, Jorge Trota Filho

Volume: 2 - Issue: 9

Resumo. Polímeros termoplásticos aromáticos como o poli (éter-éter cetona) PEEK têm se mostrado muito promissores para a produção de membranas trocadoras de prótons (PEM), devido as suas propriedades. Estudos demonstram que polímeros modificados quimicamente podem apresentar características originais melhoradas. O processo de funcionalização por sulfonação é uma das estratégias de modificação de materiais poliméricos, que promove maior hidrofilicidade, melhor condutividade iônica, maior molhabilidade e melhor desempenho como PEM. O PEEK foi tratado com ácido sulfúrico, obtendo-se o SPEEK. O polímero foi titulado a fim de estudar seu grau de sulfonação (SD), avaliar sua relação com a capacidade de troca iônica (IEC) e sua potencial aplicação como PEM. Amostras de 0,3 g SPEEK foram imersas em solução de cloreto de sódio para a realização da troca protônica. Foram realizadas as titulações das soluções salinas com hidróxido de sódio e, através do volume obtido, foram obtidos sua IEC = 0,5435 meq.g-1 e seu SD = 0,61. Comprovou-se que a relação entre a massa de polímero, grau de sulfonação e capacidade de troca iônica pode ser modificada, em razão da otimização da quantidade disponível de polímero e que, tendo o conhecimento do SD do polímero é possível estimar a quantidade de base a ser consumida, que está relacionada quantidade de prótons oriundos do SPEEK e presentes na solução salina.

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Greek consumers attitudes and motivations against PDO/PGI Agrifoods - (2023)

Z. Likudis, M-F. Dafni

Volume: 2 - Issue: 9

Resumo. The study was set out to investigate the factors affecting consumers’ purchasing attitudes and their intention to buy PDO/PGI food products. A total of 615 consumers took part in the study from the municipality of Attica, Greece. The majority of the respondents consider PDO/PGI products of better quality and higher safety than the conventional ones, and they are also able to identify them. However, respondents are unsure whether these products are superior in terms of health benefits, less expensive and tastier than the conventional ones. Furthermore, consumers, who pay attention to the origin, the health claims, the label of a product, and have a high level of consumer awareness, are more likely to buy PDOs/ PGIs. Understanding the main factors that influence consumers to purchase PDO/PGI products, is a vital step towards the promotion of special labeled agri-foodstuffs, which could contribute to the local sustainable development.

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Haemato-biochemical indices and intestinal microbial population of broiler chickens fed diet supplemented with Prosopis africana (African mesquite) essential oil - (2023)

John Olujimi Alagbe, Oluchi C. Precious Agubosi, Rufus Adebisi Oluwafemi, Taiwo Oladoye Akande, Adegoke Emmanuel Adegbite, I. A. Emiola

Volume: 2 - Issue: 9

Resumo. The objective of this present study was to investigate the haemato-biochemical indices and intestinal microbial population of broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with Prosopis africana (African mesquite) essential oil (PAEO). A total of 540 one-day old broiler chicks of Ross 302 strain were allotted to six treatments with 6 replicates consisting of 15 birds each in a completely randomized design. Feed and water were given ad libitum, and all necessary management practices were strictly observed throughout the experiment, which lasted for 8 weeks. The birds in treatment 1 (T1) was fed a basal diet with no PAEO, T2 was fed basal diet plus 1.2 g kg-1 Oxytetracycline, T3, T4, T5 and T6 were fed basal diet plus PAEO at 200 mg, 400 mg, 600 mg and 800 mg kg-1 respectively. All haematological parameters and intestinal microbial population were influenced by the dietary treatments (p ˂ 0.05). Total protein, triglycerides, cholesterol and urea were significantly different (p < 0.05) across the dietary treatments and are within the physiological ranges reported for healthy chicken. However, serum tryglycerides, low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein, magnesium and chloride ion values were not affected by PAEO (p ˃ 0.05). It was concluded PAEO possess several properties – antioxidant, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, immune-stimulatory, anti-inflammatory and physiological amongst others all of which are vital for the health enhancing effects in birds. Prosopis africana essential oil can be supplemented up to 800 mg kg-1 in the diets of broiler chickens without causing any deleterious effect on their blood profile.

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Histopathology of broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with Prosopis africana (African mesquite) essential oil - (2023)

John Olujimi Alagbe, Oluchi C. P. Agubosi, Rufus Adebisi Oluwafemi

Volume: 2 - Issue: 9

Resumo. This study was carried out to investigate the hepatic histopathology of broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with Prosopis africana (African mesquite) essential oil (PRSO). 300, 1-day old broiler chicks were randomly distributed into six treatments with 5 replicates consisting of 10 birds each. Birds in diet 1 (D1) was fed basal diet supplemented with 0 % PRSO, D2: basal diet with 1.0 g/kg-1 oxytetracycline, D3, D4, D5 and D6 were fed basal diet supplemented with PRSO at 200 mg, 400 mg, 600 mg and 800 mg/kg-1 respectively. The experiment lasted for 56 days and a completely randomized design was adopted. Phyto-constituents of PRSO revealed the presence of tannins (201.21 mg/g-1), flavonoids (677.83 mg/g-1), alkaloids (405.90 mg/g-1), saponins (75.62 mg/g-1), phenols (508.28 mg/g-1), phytates (20.10 mg/g-1) and oxalates (5.26 mg/g-1). Hepatic histopathology showed that tissues from D1, D3, D4, D5 and D6 showed no signs of any damage; the central vein, blood portal vessels showed no congestion. Mild hepatocellular damage was recorded among liver of birds in D2. It can be concluded that Prosopis africana essential oil are among the key alternative solutions to antibiotics because they contain bioactive compounds that are safe, effective and performs multiple biological functions in the body of animals.

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O uso da sequência didática no ensino de Física: A inserção dos estudantes da Escola Estadual Tabelião Júlio Maria, Touros-RN - (2023)

José Jefferson da Silva, Geneci Cavalcanti Moura de Medeiros

Volume: 2 - Issue: 9

Resumo. O referido texto trata-se das potencialidades das atividades laboratoriais para o ensino de física e das principais características para o ambiente educacional, promovendo uma aprendizagem diferenciada para estudantes do ensino médio, contemplando assim conteúdos de hidrostática. O referido artigo possui como objetivo geral sugerir e aplicar uma unidade didática para estudantes da primeira série do ensino médio da Escola Estadual Tabelião Júlio Maria, localizada no município de Touros, Rio Grande do Norte. São Propostas nesta Unidade didática cinco atividades laboratoriais utilizando-se materiais de fácil acesso, desta forma almeja-se verificar qual a contribuição que esta abordagem proporciona no processo de ensino aprendizagem no conteúdo de hidrostática, promover o trabalho em equipe e o espirito crítico com relação ao papel da física, além de identificar as potencialidades das atividades laboratoriais para os conteúdos previstos. Pensando na temática que envolve o estudo da hidrostática, a unidade didática é constituída de cinco atividades sendo elas: Ensinando o conceito de flutuação dos corpos na água, verificando o conceito de densidade e pressão através das atividades laboratoriais, A vela que levanta água e a garrafa chuveirinho. Nesse sentido, a física em consonância com as atividades laboratoriais com materiais de fácil acesso deixa de ser meramente abstrata e ganha requisitos práticos, pois o estudante está em contato real com os conceitos trabalhados na disciplina, sendo assim relacionado com o dia a dia dos estudantes imersos nas atividades propositivas. Ao termino do trabalho de pesquisa, espera-se que esse material possa servir além da aplicação do conhecimento para os estudantes, o estimulo para professores estudantes de física, já que as atividades aqui propostas objetivam trabalhar alguns conceitos abstratos, sendo primordial para o contexto da formação de professores, formalizando principalmente o desenvolvimento do saber de todos os envolvidos nesse contexto educacional.

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Prognosis of exploration on Chat GPT with artificial intelligence ethics - (2023)

N. Gowri Vidhya, D. Devi, Nithya A., T. Manju

Volume: 2 - Issue: 9

Resumo. Natural language processing innovations in the past few decades have made it feasible to synthesis and comprehend coherent text in a variety of ways, turning theoretical techniques into practical implementations. Both report summarizing software and sectors like content writers have been significantly impacted by the extensive Language-model. A huge language model, however, could show evidence of social prejudice, giving moral as well as environmental hazards from negligence, according to observations. Therefore, it is necessary to develop comprehensive guidelines for responsible LLM (Large Language Models). Despite the fact that numerous empirical investigations show that sophisticated large language models has very few ethical difficulties, there isn't a thorough investigation and consumers study of the legality of present large language model use. We use a qualitative study method on OpenAI's ChatGPT3 to solution-focus the real-world ethical risks in current large language models in order to further guide ongoing efforts on responsibly constructing ethical large language models. We carefully review ChatGPT3 from the four perspectives of bias and robustness. According to our stated opinions, we objectively benchmark ChatGPT3 on a number of sample datasets. In this work, it was found that a substantial fraction of principled problems are not solved by the current benchmarks; therefore new case examples were provided to support this. Additionally discussed were the importance of the findings regarding ChatGPT3's AI ethics, potential problems in the future, and helpful design considerations for big language models. This study may provide some guidance for future investigations into and mitigation of the ethical risks offered by technology in large Language Models applications.

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Self-efficacy, motivation and academic performance of students during the flexible learning mode - (2023)

Maria Crisella A. Dela Cruz, Angelina Lumanlan, Helen Grace Felix, Isabel Dizon, Arnello Valerio, Evelyn Dayrit, Sherry Jean Sison, Rommel Gaña, Elaine Joy Gatchalian

Volume: 2 - Issue: 9

Resumo. Self-Efficacy is the belief that a person is capable of achieving a specific goal or performing a particular task while motivation represents the foundation for success in all activities that an individual engages in. This study aimed to determine the correlations between self-efficacy, motivation and academic performance of 862 students. Using spearman’s rho, results revealed that self-efficacy and motivation go along together for all students with different specializations. Most of the students’ grades are not directly affected by the motivation and self-efficacy. Responses of students for most of the challenges they encountered during the flexible learning mode are limited home setup for activities that require actual performances followed by the distraction they get from social media. Results of this study reveals that even during the pandemic, the students have positive outlook in life, but grades are not dependent on their self-efficacy and motivations.

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The official EFL textbook in cameroonian technical schools and the needs of dressmaking students: an evaluation of interactions in English lère - (2023)

Edwige Damaris Hagbe

Volume: 2 - Issue: 9

Resumo. The present paper examines the contents of the Premiere textbook of EFL in order to find out if it fits the needs and interests of the students of the technical fields such as bespoke tailoring and dressmaking. Over the years, the indifference of technical students towards English has been a topical issue and still raises debates nowadays. The aim of this paper is to show that the existence of a single book for all Premiere classes can account for the lack of interest in English generally observed in technical schools. Emphasis is laid on the analysis of themes, the reading passages and the selection of pictures in Interactions in English Ière. In other words, this research attempts to show that the official textbook of English for francophone technical education is not tailored to the needs and interests of the learners. The research methodology consisted in reading and analysing the selected corpus in a bid to find out if its content pleases the intended audience made up of dressmaking students. The EFL students and teachers were also interviewed in order to probe their attitudes towards the selected English book. The paper ends with suggestions on how to improve on the English book for that specific set of students. The aim is to raise more awareness in the educational circle, create more motivation in the target learners and ameliorate their performances in English.

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Anti-microbial activity of seed oils & protein estimation of seed-content in Clitoria ternetea, Lagenaria siciraria & Ziziphus mauritiana - (2023)

Porshia Sharma, Pragya Rathore, Yogesh Choudhary, Yash Tatwade, Akshada Joshi

Volume: 2 - Issue: 8

Resumo. Asian plants of flower, vegetable and fruit named Clitoria ternetea, Lagenaria siciraria and Ziziphus mauritiana respectively are known for their extensive uses in traditional medicine as well as traditional treatment of various diseases and infections. Several studies have already been done so far on these plants and its various parts but the studies on their seeds as well as their seed oilwas lacking. In this work, we determined the protein content of these seeds as well as we extracted the seed oils and determined their anti-microbial activity independently along with the anti-microbial activity by mixing all these oils together in equal ratios. Both, protein determination and anti-microbial activity determination showed considerable and potential results. The Lagenaria siciraria seeds (in ethanol extract) showed highest protein content amongst all i.e., 4.44 (μg/mL-1) whereas Clitoria ternetea seeds displayed highest protein content (in water extract) amongst all i.e., 5.07 (μg/mL-1). The anti-microbial activity of the mixed seed oil showed better and great results as compared to individual anti-microbial activity of seed oils.

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Bioactive compounds of Prosopis africana oil (african mesquite) using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique - (2023)

John Olujimi Alagbe

Volume: 2 - Issue: 8

Resumo. Phytochemicals (bioactive compounds) are generally regarded as chemicals of plant origin used for plants for growth, defense against competitors and pathogens. They also have a wide range of pharmacological activities including – antiarrhythmic, antioxidant, antimalarial, vasodilatory, antimicrobial, analgesics, hepato-protective, anti-inflammatory, hypo-cholesterolemic, anti-androgenic, antiviral, antifungal and immune-modulatory. This study was carried out to investigate the bioactive compounds of Prosopis africana oil (african mesquite) using gas chromatography – mass spectrometry technique. A total of 73 bioactive compounds 77.16% were identified based on their peak areas. The major compounds identified in the oil sample were; prosogerin A 29.90%, caryophyllene 12.33%, 2,4-bis (1-phenylethyl) phenol 5.80%, gallic acid 5.22%, β-cyclocitral 3.11%, β-sitosterol 2.50%, α-terpinene 2.09% and ellagic acid 2.04%. The other compounds were less than 1%, however, they exert various pharmacological properties. It was concluded that Prosopis africana oil is loaded with phytochemicals and also has several health promoting properties and it can also be used as a remedy for the treatment of several ailments in human being and animals.

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Conocimiento sobre medidas preventivas de infecciones de transmisión sexual en adolescentes - (2023)

Leydy Dayely Caisaluisa Quimbita, Jose Luis Herrera Lopez

Volume: 2 - Issue: 8

Resumo. La presente investigación fue desarrollada con el objetivo de “determinar el conocimiento sobre medidas preventivas de infecciones de transmisión sexual en adolescentes, tomando como referencia la población de la Unidad Educativa Catorce de Julio-Juan Abel Echeverría” para lo cual se siguió el enfoque cuantitativo de diseño transversal. La muestra censal quedó conformada por un total de 200 adolescentes de la Unidad Educativa Catorce de Julio-Juan Abel Echeverría, quienes respondieron una encuesta para recolectar información sobre el conocimientos de ITS, datos que permitieron determinar que: el 59% era del sexo femenino; el 55% ya habían tenido relaciones sexuales, de los cuales el 47% tuvieron relación sexual entre los 15 y 19 años; el 82% indica que en su primera relación coital puede quedar embarazada; el 57% usa preservativos como método seguro para prevenir ETS; el 75% usa método de barrera; el 18% considera que no puede quedar embaraza en la primera relación con coito por lo que no se protegen; el 8% no usa métodos anticonceptivos; el 89% considera que el método abstinencia es no tener relaciones sexuales. Se estableció que el 57% de los adolescentes de la UE poseen un nivel alto de conocimientos sobre medidas preventivas de infecciones de transmisión sexual, aunque su conocimiento es básico reconocen algunas enfermedades de trasmisión sexual.

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